A comprehensive list of research sources and authoritative references that inform our methodology and findings.
Food Waste Index Report
Provides global estimates of food waste at household, food service, and retail levels. Sets the framework for measuring progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 12.3.
unep.org/food-waste
Food Loss and Food Waste
Comprehensive data on global food loss, measurement methodologies, and the environmental impact of wasted resources in agricultural production.
fao.org/food-loss-and-food-waste
Sustainable Consumption & Resource Efficiency
Research on household behavior patterns, resource efficiency, and the economic impacts of food waste in both developed and developing economies.
worldbank.org/sustainable-development
1. Reynolds, C. J., et al. (2019). "Food Waste in Households: A Systematic Review of Intervention Effectiveness." Journal of Cleaner Production, 238, 117-959.
2. Secondi, L., Principato, L., & Laureti, T. (2015). "Estimating Household Food Waste in Italy." Waste Management, 39, 162-173.
3. Quested, T. E., Marsh, E., Stunell, D., & Parry, A. D. (2013). "Household Food and Drink Waste: A Synthesis of Material." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, 166(2), 50-62.
4. Lipinski, B., et al. (2013). "Reducing Food Loss and Waste." Working Paper, World Resources Institute.
5. Stenmarck, A., Jensen, C., Quested, T., & Moates, G. (2016). Estimates of European Food Waste Levels. FUSIONS Project Report.
Now that you understand our methodology and sources, explore how our calculator can help you reduce your household food waste.